Author Contributions

A statement of author contributions must be included on the article’s title page, using at least two of the following authorship criteria:

 

• Conceptualization

• Data Curation

• Formal Analysis

• Funding Acquisition

• Investigation

• Methodology

• Project Administration

• Resources

• Software

• Supervision

• Validation

• Visualization

• Writing – Original Draft

• Writing – Review & Editing

(Based on the CRediT Taxonomy: CREDIT https://casrai.org/credit/)

 

All authors must be acknowledged in the contribution statement, following the model:

"Each author contributed individually and significantly to the development of this article. Faloppa F: drafting and performing surgeries; Takimoto ES: data analysis and performing surgeries; Tamaoki MJS: article revision and intellectual conception."

 

Manuscript presentation

Acta Ortopédica Brasileira uses the SciELO Brazilian System (https://submission.scielo.br/index.php/aob/login) for online submission and publication. Authors must follow the registration and manuscript submission instructions provided within the system. The responsibility for the concepts expressed in the articles lies entirely with the authors. Reproduction, in whole or in part, of the articles is permitted provided the original source is cited. All journal content, unless otherwise indicated, is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.pt).  Statements published in articles are the sole responsibility of the authors.  Manuscripts must be submitted through the SciELO submission platform (https://submission.scielo.br/index.php/aob/login) as .txt or .doc files, double-spaced, with wide margins. Articles should ideally be submitted in English and/or Portuguese.  Measurements must be expressed in the International System of Units (Système International, SI), available at http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units and in standard units when applicable. The journal uses Similarity Check (https://www.crossref.org/services/similarity-check/) for plagiarism detection; however, all content published is the full responsibility of the authors. Authors are advised not to use abbreviations in the title and to limit their use in the abstract and throughout the text. Generic names should be used for all drugs. Trade names may be used, but the name, city, country, or website of the manufacturer must be provided in parentheses in the Materials and Methods section.

 

Recommended Word Counts by Publication Type: The criteria outlined below must be followed for each publication type. The electronic word count should start from the Introduction and end at the Conclusion.

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The title page must contain:

• Article type (Original Article, Review Article, etc.);

• Title of the work (concise and informative, preferably up to 80 words), in Portuguese and English;

• Full name of each author (no abbreviations); 

• Institution(s) (hierarchical units should be presented in descending order, e.g., university, faculty, and department; the respective affiliations of each author should be indicated. Institution and program names should preferably be presented in full, in the institution’s original language or in English if the original script is non-Latin [e.g., Arabic, Mandarin, Greek]); numerical and sequential identification using superscript Arabic numbers. If more than one institutional affiliation exists, only the most relevant should be indicated; the location where the work and/or research was conducted;

• Corresponding author’s name, including full address, telephone number, and email;

• Location where the work was developed;

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• Author Identification: 
  The ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID (https://orcid.org/) of each author must be provided on the title page, below the respective author's name, including the full link.

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• Conflict of Interest Statement: 

Conflicts of interest must be objectively reported when present. If none exist, the following statement must be included: “The authors declare no conflict of interest regarding the conduction of this work.”

 

Article submission format

Cover Letter: The cover letter accompanying the manuscript submission must be signed by the corresponding author and include the following information: article title, names of all authors, a statement authorizing the publication of the article, declaring that the manuscript is original (publication in another language is considered the same article), and that it has not been, nor is currently being, submitted for publication elsewhere. Authors must ensure that the manuscript fully complies with the journal’s instructions.

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Abstract: The abstract, in both Portuguese and English, must be structured for original articles and clearly present the study objectives, methods, results, and main conclusions, not exceeding 200 words (no citations or references should be included). Additionally, the abstract must include the Level of Evidence and Type of Study, according to the classification table attached at the end of this document.

 

Keywords: At least three and up to six keywords must be provided in both Portuguese and English. Portuguese keywords should be based on the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) -http://decs.bireme.br, and English keywords should be based on the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html

Original Articles should have a structured abstract with the following headings: Objectives, Methods, Results, and Conclusions, highlighting the most significant findings of the study.

Review and Update Articles should have an unstructured abstract.

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• Level of Evidence and Type of Study: Abstracts must include the Level of  Evidence and Type of Study classification (https://drive.google.com/file/d/1E1ILDicYVTZDJMmdS45HLvAfgw0PcwVu/view?usp=sharing)

as detailed in the classification table attached at the end of this document*.

 

Documents: Authors must upload the following documents to the SciELO online submission and publication system: a) Declaration of Conflict of Interest; b) Approval Certificate of the research by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee, when the study involves experimentation with humans or animals; c) Documentation regarding any funding sources for the study; d) Declaration that participants signed the Informed Consent Form, when the research involves clinical studies with human subjects. E) Open Science Compliance Form.

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Introduction: The introduction should present the subject and objective of the study, including citations, but should not provide an extensive review of the topic.

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Materials and methods: This section must describe the experiments (both quantitative and qualitative) and procedures in sufficient detail to allow other researchers to reproduce the results or continue the study.

When reporting experiments involving humans or animals, indicate whether the procedures followed the ethical standards of the Institutional Ethics Committee where the research was conducted, and whether they comply with the Declaration of Helsinki (1995) and the relevant Animal Experimentation Ethics guidelines, respectively. Authors must include a statement indicating that the protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (from the institution affiliated with at least one of the authors), with the respective approval number. The statement must also confirm that the Informed Consent Form was signed by all participants.

Precisely identify all drugs and chemicals used, including generic names, dosages, and routes of administration. Do not mention patient names, initials, or hospital records. Cite references for statistical methods applied.

 

Results: Present results in a logical sequence in the text, using tables and illustrations. Do not repeat all data from tables or illustrations in the text; emphasize or summarize only the relevant findings.

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Discussion: Highlight novel and important aspects of the study and the conclusions drawn from them in the context of the best available evidence. Avoid repeating detailed data or information already presented in other manuscript sections such as the Introduction or Results.

For experimental studies, it is recommended to start the discussion by briefly summarizing the main findings, then explore possible mechanisms or explanations for those findings, compare and contrast results with other relevant studies, declare the study’s limitations, and discuss implications for future research and clinical practice.

Relate conclusions to study objectives but avoid unsupported statements or conclusions, particularly differentiating between clinical and statistical significance. Avoid making claims about economic benefits or costs unless the manuscript includes proper economic data and analysis. Avoid priority claims such as “this is the first study on...”.

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Conclusions: Conclusions must be clear and concise, linking the conclusion to the study objectives. Avoid conclusions not supported by study data. Avoid suggesting that larger samples are needed to confirm the results unless justified.

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Acknowledgements: When applicable, briefly acknowledge individuals who contributed intellectually or technically to the study but whose contribution does not justify authorship. Authors must ensure those acknowledged agree to have their names and institutions disclosed. Financial support and scholarships must be acknowledged here, specifying the funding entity and project number.

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Digital Assets

Figures (Photographs and Illustrations): Figures must be presented on separate pages and numbered sequentially using Arabic numerals, following the order in which they appear in the text. To avoid issues that may compromise the journal’s standards, the submitted material must meet the following requirements: all figures, photographs, and illustrations must have adequate graphic quality (300 dpi resolution) and include a title and caption. In all cases, files must be in .tif and/or .jpg formats. Files with extensions .xls (Excel), .eps, or .psd are also accepted for vector-based illustrations (graphs, drawings, and diagrams). Figures include all types of illustrations, such as photographs, drawings, maps, graphs, etc., and must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals. Black-and-white figures will be published free of charge, but the editor reserves the right to establish a reasonable limit on their number or to charge the author for excessive use. Color photographs will incur charges to the author.

Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published in other sources. For all open access values, authors must have permission from the copyright holder if they wish to include images published in non-open access journals. Permission must be stated in the figure caption, and the original source must be included in the reference list. Illustrations (photographs, drawings, graphs, etc.) must be cited in the text as figures and numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals according to the order in which they are first mentioned. Figures must be submitted in .tif or .jpg format with 300 DPI resolution and in large size. Figures must also be submitted in an editable file (Word or Excel), along with the original files.

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Tables: Tables must be numbered in the order they appear in the text using Arabic numerals. Each table must have a title and, if necessary, an explanatory caption. Tables and charts must be submitted using the original editable files (e.g., Excel), and not as images. Tables and charts spanning more than one page should be avoided. Do not use image elements, text boxes, or tabs.

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Captions: Captions must be typed double-spaced, accompanying the respective figures (graphs, photos, and illustrations). Each caption must be numbered in Arabic numerals, corresponding to each figure and in the order in which they are cited in the manuscript. Abbreviations and acronyms must be preceded by their full terms when first mentioned in the text. In the footnotes of figures and tables, the meaning of abbreviations, symbols, and other signs must be explained, and the source (location where the research was conducted) must be provided. If illustrations have already been published, they must be accompanied by written permission from the author or publisher, including the reference to the original source where they were published.

 

Citations and References

Citations: Citations should facilitate access to research content. Just as articles, books, and online publications are cited, data must also be cited in an appropriate place in the text, and the corresponding reference must be included in the reference list in numerical order according to Vancouver style guidelines.

 

References: Original articles may include up to approximately 30 references, limited to essential literature related to the article content. Number references consecutively in the order they are first cited in the text, using superscript Arabic numerals, e.g., (Reduction of terminal plate functions.¹). Include the first six authors followed by “et al.”

Journal titles should be abbreviated according to Index Medicus. (http://www2.bg.am.poznan.pl/czasopisma/medicus.php?lang=eng)

 

Examples:

a) Article: Author(s). Article title. Journal Title. Year; Volume(Issue):Start page–End page.

Example: Campbell CJ. The healing of cartilage defects. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1969;(64):45–63.

b) Book: Author(s) or Editor(s). Book title. Edition (if not the first). Translator(s), if applicable. Place of publication: Publisher; Year.

Example: Diener HC, Wilkinson M, editors. Drug-induced headache. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag; 1996.

c) Book Chapter: Chapter author(s). Chapter title. In: Book editor(s), editors. Book title. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher; Year. p. page range.

Example: Chapman MW, Olson SA. Open fractures. In: Rockwood CA, Green DP, editors. Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1996. p. 305–52.

d) Abstract: Author(s). Title [abstract]. Journal Title. Year;Volume(Supplement if applicable):Page(s).

Example: Enzensberger W, Fisher PA. Metronome in Parkinson's disease [abstract]. Lancet. 1996;34:1337.

e) Personal Communication. To be cited only in the text, in parentheses, as follows: (e.g., Smith A. Personal communication, 2022)

f) Thesis or Dissertation: Author. Title [type of thesis/dissertation]. City: Institution; Year.

Example: Kaplan SJ. Post-hospital home health care: the elderly’s access and utilization [dissertation]. St. Louis: Washington Univ.; 1995.

g) Electronic Material (Online Journal Article): Author(s). Article title. Abbreviated journal title [Internet]. Publication year [cited date];Volume(Issue):Page range or [approximate page count]. Available from: URL

Example: Pavezi N, Flores D, Perez CB. Proposição de um conjunto de metadados para descrição de arquivos fotográficos considerando a Nobrade e a Sepiades. Transinf. [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2010 Nov 8];21(3):197–205. Available from: http://periodicos.puc-campinas.edu.br/seer/index.php/transinfo/article/view/501

H) Data Sharing (Dataset): Pavezi N, Flores D, Perez CB. Proposição de um conjunto de metadados para descrição de arquivos fotográficos considerando a Nobrade e a Sepiades. Transinf. [Internet]. 2009. Available from:  https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-37862009000300003. Write [dataset] immediately before the reference so it can be properly identified as a data reference. The [dataset] label will not appear in the published article.

 

Supplementary Documents

• Conflict of Interest Statement (https://docs.google.com/document/d/1p_bnS5rp4N2ysiCdeW576ToDfC3xBOsO/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=101539461613388101782&rtpof=true&sd=true)

• Open Science Compliance Form (https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XZW1wp2q3brTnJ8nR444024eFUabNH6Z/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=101539461613388101782&rtpof=true&sd=true)

• Evidence Level and Study Type

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Funding Statement

Authors must indicate whether the research received funding from public agencies, international organizations, or other institutions

 

Additional Information

 

Table: Level of Evidence and Study Type*

 Levels of Evidence for Primary Research Questionsa

 

[This table is adapted from material published by the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. For more information, visit www.cebm.net.] https://www.cebm.net/